See lesen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leese"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lese"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "leis"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to lose"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lēosan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English *lēosan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lēosan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English *lēosan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*leusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *leusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leusaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English *lēosan (attested in compounds such as forlēosan), from Proto-West Germanic *leusan, from Proto-Germanic *leusaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loren",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2 or weak in -te/-ede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leosien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "lesse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leze",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lyse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "liese",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "lyese",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "leose",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leosen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leuse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "luese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "luse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "leseth",
"2": "lesynge",
"3": "les",
"4": "loren"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative les, past participle loren)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"2": "les",
"2s2": "lest",
"3": "lor",
"3s2": "lest",
"4": "lor",
"class": "2",
"w": "te",
"w2": "ede",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To misplace or mislay; to lose track of."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-AuGyWVxC",
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"misplace",
"misplace"
],
[
"mislay",
"mislay"
],
[
"lose track",
"lose track"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To misplace or mislay; to lose track of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forfeit; to be deprived of or have confiscated."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-0VLiIWLL",
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"forfeit",
"forfeit"
],
[
"deprived",
"deprived"
],
[
"confiscated",
"confiscated"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forfeit; to be deprived of or have confiscated."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 38 0 0 2 0 8 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 11 6 0 0 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "enm:Death",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 9 2 4 3 4 5 2 0 3 3 3 3 7 4 4 9 3 4 3 3 3 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "enm:Physiology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 25 0 0 9 0 12 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 6 17 15 1 0 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose an individual (especially through death)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-PPye3D1V",
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"death",
"death#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose an individual (especially through death)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose a (usually positive) attribute, condition or quality."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-p3uHIF4K",
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"usually",
"usually#English"
],
[
"positive",
"positive#English"
],
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose a (usually positive) attribute, condition or quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 4 4 7 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "enm:Cooking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forget about."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-YhRU4JHE",
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"forget",
"forget"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"(rare) To forget about."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 5 4 4 4 15 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 4 5 4 2 2 4 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 7 6 5 6 28 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 4 5 4 6 10 3 5 3 2 3 3 3 5 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose out on; to fail to acquire."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-Y8E2G4wg",
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"lose out",
"lose out"
],
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose out on; to fail to acquire."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose a battle or competition."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-g-t7zKHa",
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose a battle or competition."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To neglect to attend (Mass)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-0TBhqDUU",
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"neglect",
"neglect"
],
[
"attend",
"attend"
],
[
"Mass",
"Mass#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"(rare) To neglect to attend (Mass)"
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To destroy or devastate; to cause the destruction of"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-ztcQl4OC",
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"devastate",
"devastate"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To destroy or devastate; to cause the destruction of:"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To kill or murder; to end the life of."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-soLSbJtO",
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To kill or murder; to end the life of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
110,
115
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
108,
115
]
],
"english": "But don't fear those who can kill the body, because they can't kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who can destroy both the body and soul in Hell.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 10:28, folio 4, verso; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and nyle ȝe dꝛede hem þat moun ſle þe bodi .· foꝛ þei moun not ſle þe ſoule / but raþere dꝛede ȝe hym þat mai leeſe boþe bodi and ſoule in to helle",
"translation": "But don't fear those who can kill the body, because they can't kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who can destroy both the body and soul in Hell.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To doom; to consign to eternal damnation."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-XNoI88ue",
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"doom",
"doom"
],
[
"consign",
"consign"
],
[
"eternal",
"eternal"
],
[
"damnation",
"damnation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To doom; to consign to eternal damnation."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To waste or squander (effort)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-GYLF4l2Q",
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"squander",
"squander"
],
[
"effort",
"effort#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To waste or squander (effort)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To abandon or desert someone."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-nkZ-pgSu",
"links": [
[
"abandon",
"abandon"
],
[
"desert",
"desert"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To abandon or desert someone."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːzən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈløːzən/",
"note": "Southern, West Midland"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leese"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lease"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leese"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"or a back-formation from relese"
],
"word": "lese"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to release"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *lewh₁-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang-ang",
"3": "lēsan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Anglian Old English lēsan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang-ang",
"3": "lēsan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Anglian Old English lēsan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang-wsx",
"2": "līesan"
},
"expansion": "West Saxon Old English līesan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lausijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lausijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lausijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lausijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *lewh₁-\nInherited from Anglian Old English lēsan (West Saxon Old English līesan), from Proto-West Germanic *lausijan, from Proto-Germanic *lausijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leson",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"c2": "te"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To loosen; to make loose:",
"To unfasten or open; to loosen an opening."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-QUYlT9EX",
"links": [
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"unfasten",
"unfasten"
],
[
"open",
"open"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To loosen; to make loose:",
"To unfasten or open; to loosen an opening."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To loosen; to make loose:",
"To relax or release (of the body)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-RGMMs7d6",
"links": [
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"relax",
"relax"
],
[
"release",
"release"
],
[
"body",
"body#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To loosen; to make loose:",
"To relax or release (of the body)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To spare from punishment or hardship."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-bLlIDXBM",
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"spare",
"spare"
],
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"To spare from punishment or hardship."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To liberate from captivity or subjugation."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-mWCKd9Ka",
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"liberate",
"liberate"
],
[
"captivity",
"captivity"
],
[
"subjugation",
"subjugation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"To liberate from captivity or subjugation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 9 2 4 3 4 5 2 0 3 3 3 3 7 4 4 9 3 4 3 3 3 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "enm:Physiology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To redeem; to rescue from Hell."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-dKrXZGnn",
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"redeem",
"redeem"
],
[
"rescue",
"rescue"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"(Christianity) To redeem; to rescue from Hell."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "redemen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To exempt from (the consequences of) sin."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-hmNvOgol",
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"exempt",
"exempt"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"(Christianity, rare) To exempt from (the consequences of) sin."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To alleviate distress, hunger, or pain."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-6FBVKcut",
"links": [
[
"alleviate",
"alleviate"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To alleviate distress, hunger, or pain."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lesan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lesan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lesan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lesan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5 or weak in -ede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lasen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"2": "las",
"3": "les",
"3a": "las",
"4": "les",
"class": "5",
"w": "ede"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To gather (crops or fruit)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-uQmsyMSU",
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"crop",
"crop#English"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To gather (crops or fruit)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "enm:Agriculture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cull or select worthless material (from fruit or rice)"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-Ge25VfPw",
"links": [
[
"cull",
"cull"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#English"
],
[
"rice",
"rice#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cull or select worthless material (from fruit or rice)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To embrace or hug."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-Yir1F9aN",
"links": [
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
],
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To embrace or hug."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̞ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
}
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēasian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lēasian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēasian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lēasian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lausēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lausēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "les",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "falsehood"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, les (“falsehood”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lēasian, from Proto-West Germanic *lausēn; by surface analysis, les (“falsehood”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lie; to tell falsehoods about."
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-VaKgL8bv",
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"tell",
"tell"
],
[
"falsehood",
"falsehood"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, hapax legomenon) To lie; to tell falsehoods about."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to pasture"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣsian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣsian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣsian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lǣsian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lese",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, lese (“pasture”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lǣsian, variant of lǣswian; by surface analysis, lese (“pasture”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To herd livestock on a pasture; to pasture"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-verb-crO9ZLeW",
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, hapax legomenon) To herd livestock on a pasture; to pasture"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Deception",
"orig": "enm:Deception",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "6",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Midland Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lese"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of lese"
],
"id": "en-lesen-enm-noun-gqk~aXak",
"links": [
[
"lese",
"lese#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "West Midland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Midland) plural of lese"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 2 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leese"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lese"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "leis"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to lose"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lēosan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English *lēosan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lēosan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English *lēosan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*leusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *leusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leusaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English *lēosan (attested in compounds such as forlēosan), from Proto-West Germanic *leusan, from Proto-Germanic *leusaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loren",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2 or weak in -te/-ede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "(y)loren",
"roman": "(y)lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leosien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "lesse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leze",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lyse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "liese",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "lyese",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "leose",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leosen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leuse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "luese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "luse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "leseth",
"2": "lesynge",
"3": "les",
"4": "loren"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative les, past participle loren)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"2": "les",
"2s2": "lest",
"3": "lor",
"3s2": "lest",
"4": "lor",
"class": "2",
"w": "te",
"w2": "ede",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To misplace or mislay; to lose track of."
],
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"misplace",
"misplace"
],
[
"mislay",
"mislay"
],
[
"lose track",
"lose track"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To misplace or mislay; to lose track of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forfeit; to be deprived of or have confiscated."
],
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"forfeit",
"forfeit"
],
[
"deprived",
"deprived"
],
[
"confiscated",
"confiscated"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forfeit; to be deprived of or have confiscated."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose an individual (especially through death)"
],
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
],
[
"death",
"death#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose an individual (especially through death)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose a (usually positive) attribute, condition or quality."
],
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"usually",
"usually#English"
],
[
"positive",
"positive#English"
],
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To lose a (usually positive) attribute, condition or quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"To forget about."
],
"links": [
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"owning",
"owning"
],
[
"forget",
"forget"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:",
"(rare) To forget about."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose out on; to fail to acquire."
],
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"lose out",
"lose out"
],
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose out on; to fail to acquire."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose a battle or competition."
],
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To lose a battle or competition."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"To neglect to attend (Mass)"
],
"links": [
[
"fail",
"fail"
],
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
],
[
"neglect",
"neglect"
],
[
"attend",
"attend"
],
[
"Mass",
"Mass#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:",
"(rare) To neglect to attend (Mass)"
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To destroy or devastate; to cause the destruction of"
],
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"devastate",
"devastate"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To destroy or devastate; to cause the destruction of:"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To kill or murder; to end the life of."
],
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To kill or murder; to end the life of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
110,
115
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
108,
115
]
],
"english": "But don't fear those who can kill the body, because they can't kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who can destroy both the body and soul in Hell.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 10:28, folio 4, verso; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and nyle ȝe dꝛede hem þat moun ſle þe bodi .· foꝛ þei moun not ſle þe ſoule / but raþere dꝛede ȝe hym þat mai leeſe boþe bodi and ſoule in to helle",
"translation": "But don't fear those who can kill the body, because they can't kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who can destroy both the body and soul in Hell.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To doom; to consign to eternal damnation."
],
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"doom",
"doom"
],
[
"consign",
"consign"
],
[
"eternal",
"eternal"
],
[
"damnation",
"damnation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To doom; to consign to eternal damnation."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To damage or ruin:",
"To waste or squander (effort)"
],
"links": [
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"squander",
"squander"
],
[
"effort",
"effort#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To damage or ruin:",
"To waste or squander (effort)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
},
{
"word": "stroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To abandon or desert someone."
],
"links": [
[
"abandon",
"abandon"
],
[
"desert",
"desert"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To abandon or desert someone."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːzən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈløːzən/",
"note": "Southern, West Midland"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglian Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewh₁-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Anglian Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leese"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "lease"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leese"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"or a back-formation from relese"
],
"word": "lese"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to release"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *lewh₁-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang-ang",
"3": "lēsan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Anglian Old English lēsan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang-ang",
"3": "lēsan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Anglian Old English lēsan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang-wsx",
"2": "līesan"
},
"expansion": "West Saxon Old English līesan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lausijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lausijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lausijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lausijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *lewh₁-\nInherited from Anglian Old English lēsan (West Saxon Old English līesan), from Proto-West Germanic *lausijan, from Proto-Germanic *lausijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leson",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesse",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lesenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"c2": "te"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To loosen; to make loose:",
"To unfasten or open; to loosen an opening."
],
"links": [
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"unfasten",
"unfasten"
],
[
"open",
"open"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To loosen; to make loose:",
"To unfasten or open; to loosen an opening."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To loosen; to make loose:",
"To relax or release (of the body)"
],
"links": [
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"relax",
"relax"
],
[
"release",
"release"
],
[
"body",
"body#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To loosen; to make loose:",
"To relax or release (of the body)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To spare from punishment or hardship."
],
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"spare",
"spare"
],
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"To spare from punishment or hardship."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To liberate from captivity or subjugation."
],
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"liberate",
"liberate"
],
[
"captivity",
"captivity"
],
[
"subjugation",
"subjugation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"To liberate from captivity or subjugation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs",
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To redeem; to rescue from Hell."
],
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"redeem",
"redeem"
],
[
"rescue",
"rescue"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"(Christianity) To redeem; to rescue from Hell."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "redemen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English transitive verbs",
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"To free or save:",
"To exempt from (the consequences of) sin."
],
"links": [
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"exempt",
"exempt"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence#English"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To free or save:",
"(Christianity, rare) To exempt from (the consequences of) sin."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To alleviate distress, hunger, or pain."
],
"links": [
[
"alleviate",
"alleviate"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To alleviate distress, hunger, or pain."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 5 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lesan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lesan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lesan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lesan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5 or weak in -ede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lasen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "leese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les",
"2": "las",
"3": "les",
"3a": "las",
"4": "les",
"class": "5",
"w": "ede"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To gather (crops or fruit)"
],
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"crop",
"crop#English"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To gather (crops or fruit)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cull or select worthless material (from fruit or rice)"
],
"links": [
[
"cull",
"cull"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#English"
],
[
"rice",
"rice#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cull or select worthless material (from fruit or rice)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To embrace or hug."
],
"links": [
[
"embrace",
"embrace"
],
[
"hug",
"hug"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To embrace or hug."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̞ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "lease"
}
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēasian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lēasian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēasian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lēasian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lausēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lausēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "les",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "falsehood"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, les (“falsehood”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lēasian, from Proto-West Germanic *lausēn; by surface analysis, les (“falsehood”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English hapax legomena",
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To lie; to tell falsehoods about."
],
"links": [
[
"lie",
"lie"
],
[
"tell",
"tell"
],
[
"falsehood",
"falsehood"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, hapax legomenon) To lie; to tell falsehoods about."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to pasture"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣsian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣsian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣsian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English lǣsian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lese",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "pasture"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, lese (“pasture”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lǣsian, variant of lǣswian; by surface analysis, lese (“pasture”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "leseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "leseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ylesed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lese",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "les"
},
"expansion": "lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "les"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English hapax legomena",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To herd livestock on a pasture; to pasture"
],
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
],
[
"pasture",
"pasture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, hapax legomenon) To herd livestock on a pasture; to pasture"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːzən/"
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Physiology",
"enm:War"
],
"etymology_number": "6",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "lesen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"West Midland Middle English"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lese"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of lese"
],
"links": [
[
"lese",
"lese#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "West Midland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Midland) plural of lese"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "lesen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lesen meaning in Middle English (42.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: intransitive, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"lesen"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: intransitive, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"lesen"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"lesen"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: transitive, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"lesen"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.